Improvement in poles for galvanic batteries



H.P.D ECHERT.

Pole for Galvanic-Battery.

Patented July 6,1875

No.165,3l2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT QFFIGE.

HOWARD P. DEGHERT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN POLES FOR GALVANIC BATT ERIES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 165,312, dated July 6,1875; application filed J one 26, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HOWARD I DECHERT, of the city, county, and State ofNew York, have invented a new and useful improvement in the form andnature of construction of the carbon-pole of the galvanic battery; and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the same.

My invention consists in using gas carbon or" other forms of sufliciently pure carbon broken into pieces, and inclosed in a suitable porous orperforated vessel, and in employing a sufficient pressure upon theinclosed carbon by means of a screw, weight, tightened wire, rivet, orthe gravity of the carbon in a sufficiently high frame, said pressurebeing employed for the purpose of securing the intimate contact of thepieces of inclosed carbon and the connection of the conducting wire ormetal with the inclosed carbon.

I employ a skeleton or perforated lead frame or vessel of the size andshape suited tothe selected battery-cell. Into this frame or vessel Iplace pieces of carbon, of a size larger than the holes or perforationsin the frame, and small enough to conveniently pack in the frame. Aconvenient range of sizes is from one-quarter of an inch tothree-quarters of an inch in diameter, though I use the sizes larger andsmaller, as convenient. Upon the filled broken carbon, when the heightitself is not sufficient to produce the desired pressure, I-

place a cover, secured to the containing-vessel by means of a screw orscrew-thread; or I fasten such cover down with a wire or'rivet; or Iplace a weight upon the top of the filled carbon; or I employ asufficient height of carbon to secure the pressure by means of its owngravity.

For use in acid batteries a piece of platinum wire or sheet is attachedto the screw or screw-cap, for the purpose of forming the contact withthe carbon. The connectingwire is attached to this piece of platinum, orto the screw or screwcap, to which it is affixed; or .the piece ofplatinum attached to the connecting-wire is placed against the interiorof the containing-vessel.

Instead of employing lead as the materialof the containing-vessel orframe, I-employ copper, gutta-percha, or burnt porous clay. In the caseof using copper, no connecting platinum is necessary. Theconnecting-wire is attached to the cover, or screw, or vessel.

tact of the platinum attachment.

In the drawing accompanying this specification, A G D E is theperforated or porous vessel filled with broken carbon; A B O, the brasscap or cover screwed down to the vessel A C D E, and against thecontained carbon. I His the platinum connecting-piece, soldered upon theinside of the cover A B O, and E G isthe connecting conducting-wire,soldered at F to the cover A B G. The sides A E and O D are perforatedor porous. The whole interior A E H G D E A is filled with brokencarbon.

The advantages presented by such a carboirpole are suggested under twoheads: First, a superior pole in regard to obtained power is secured. Inthe ordinary mode of forming the carbon-pole the carbon is ground fine,and cemented and molded into the proper shape, and then hardened. Inthis process, unless more care is exercised than is possible in themanufacture on a large scale, defective .contact of the particles ofcarbon is the result, and crumbling is presented to the con- Ey reasonof the incomplete contact thus presented an appreciable resistance isintroduced in the pole itself where it should occur. In the poledescribed in this specification these difficulties are removed. Theparticles of hard carbon are brought into close contact without anysubstance intervening, and the hard edges and corners of the carbon arebrought against the metallic connecting-surface. Second, a cheap polefor large batteries is obtained. By the ordinary mode of manufacturelarge poles constructed of carbon are expensive and liable to breakage.A pole constructed as de. scribed in this specification is cheap, andnot liable to breakage or rapid wear.

I do not claim the application of solid or cemented carbon to the poleof the galvanic battery; but

What I do claim is A battery-pole consisting of a conducting skeleton orperforated. frame or jacket, containin g broken carbon or acarbon-plate, substantially as and for the purpose described.

Witness my hand in matter of my applica tion for patent.

HOWARD P. DEGHERT.

Witnesses:

JAMES N. WELLs, J. N. WELLs, Jr.

